In C++, there are different types of streams used to perform various operations. Among these streams, the ifstream and ofstream are the most commonly used for reading and writing to files respectively.
ifstream
ifstreamstands for input file stream. It is used to read data from a file. It provides an interface to read the file using different types of data. Here is an example of how to use ifstream:
1 #include <iostream>2 #include <fstream>3
4int main() {5 std::ifstream inputFile("input.txt"); // open the file for reading6 std::string line;78 if (inputFile.is_open()) {9 while (getline(inputFile, line)) { // read the file line by line10 std::cout << line << std::endl;11 }12 inputFile.close(); // close the file13 } else {14 std::cout << "Unable to open the file." << std::endl;15 }1617 return 0;18}ofstream
ofstreamstands for output file stream. It is used to write data to a file. It provides an interface to write the file using different types of data. Here is an example of how to use ofstream:
1 #include <iostream>2 #include <fstream>34int main() {5 std::ofstream outputFile("output.txt"); // open the file for writing67 if (outputFile.is_open()) {8 outputFile << "Hello, World!" << std::endl; // write to the file9 outputFile.close(); // close the file10 } else {
11 std::cout << "Unable to open the file." << std::endl;12 }1314 return 0;15}Both ifstream and ofstream are derived from the std::istream and std::ostream classes respectively. Therefore, they share some common methods like open(), close(), is_open(), and various insertion (<<) and extraction (>>) operators.
Diferences
ifstream and ofstream are two types of file streams provided by the C++ Standard Library to perform file input and output operations respectively.
-
ifstream: It stands for input file stream. This class is used to handle input tasks associated with the stream. For example, it can be used to read data from a file. -
ofstream: It stands for output file stream. This class is used to handle output tasks associated with the stream. For example, it can be used to write data to a file.
The code above demonstrates the use of ifstream (for reading from a file) and ofstream (for writing to a file) in C++.
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